.model-case-page{background:var(--surface-default);overflow-x:clip}.model-case-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--content-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);padding-block:var(--spacing-page);gap:clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem);display:grid}.model-case-main{min-width:0}.model-case-back{margin-bottom:var(--space-6)}.model-case-back .text-link{font-size:var(--type-caption)}.model-masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8)}.model-masthead h1,.model-masthead h2{max-width:15ch;margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-6);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.model-masthead__premise{max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.55}.model-scope{gap:var(--space-4);margin-block:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.model-scope div{padding-top:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.model-scope dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-metadata);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase}.model-scope dd{margin:var(--space-2) 0 0;font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold)}.model-scope__wide{grid-column:span 3}.model-proof-grid{margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.model-proof{min-width:0;padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-default)}.model-proof-grid>:last-child:nth-child(odd){grid-column:1/-1}.model-proof--inferred{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--claim-inferred-rule)}.model-proof--invented{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--claim-invented-rule)}.model-proof--invented strong{color:var(--claim-invented)}.model-proof__label{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-metadata);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase;margin:0}.model-proof strong{margin-top:var(--space-3);font-size:clamp(1.35rem,2.5vw,2rem);line-height:1.15;display:block}.model-proof p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);margin-bottom:0}.model-proof-note{max-width:var(--content-copy);margin:var(--space-4) 0 0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.model-section{padding-block:var(--spacing-case-section);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8)}.model-section__header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--spacing-deep-module)}.model-section__header h2{max-width:18ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-4);font-size:var(--type-display-md);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:var(--leading-display)}.model-section__lede{font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.55}.model-narrative{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.model-narrative h3{margin:var(--space-10) 0 var(--space-3);font-size:var(--type-module)}.model-narrative p,.model-narrative li{line-height:var(--leading-reading)}.model-narrative ul{padding-left:var(--space-5);columns:2;column-gap:var(--space-8)}.model-perspective-bridge{margin-block:var(--spacing-deep-module);padding:var(--space-5);border-left:var(--rule-width-state) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.model-section--reflection{padding-block:var(--spacing-reflection)}.model-section--reflection .model-narrative>p:first-child{font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.65}.model-section--audit,.model-section[id*=audit]{display:none}.model-section--audit .model-section__header{margin-bottom:var(--space-6)}.model-section--audit .model-section__header h2{font-size:var(--type-display-sm)}.model-impact-lists{gap:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.model-impact-lists section{padding-top:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.model-impact-lists li{margin-block:var(--space-3)}.model-impact-lists--invented{border-top-color:var(--claim-invented-rule)!important}.model-audit__summary{margin:0 0 var(--space-6);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.model-audit__summary div{padding:var(--space-4);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.model-audit__summary div:first-child{border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.model-audit__summary dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.model-audit__summary dd{margin:var(--space-1) 0 0;font-size:var(--type-display-sm);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium)}.model-audit>p{margin-top:0}.model-audit__groups{gap:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.model-audit__groups section{min-width:0;padding-top:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.model-audit__groups h3{font-size:var(--type-body)}.model-audit__groups ol{padding-left:var(--space-5)}.model-audit__groups li{margin-block:var(--space-3);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.model-audit__actions{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.dev-review-entry{gap:var(--space-3) var(--space-5);margin-bottom:var(--space-8);padding-block:var(--space-3);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.dev-review-entry>span,.career-arc__review>span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase}.dev-review-link{min-height:var(--target-min);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);align-items:center;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.dev-review-link:hover,.dev-review-link:focus-visible{color:var(--accent-strong)}.career-arc__review{gap:var(--space-2) var(--space-3);margin-top:var(--space-2);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.career-arc__review a{min-height:var(--target-min);color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);align-items:center;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.career-arc__review a:hover,.career-arc__review a:focus-visible{text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:var(--rule-width);text-underline-offset:var(--space-1)}.model-review-index{padding-block:var(--spacing-page)}.model-review-index__header{margin-bottom:var(--spacing-section)}.model-review-index__tools{gap:var(--space-4) var(--space-6);margin-top:var(--space-4);flex-wrap:wrap;grid-column:1/-1;display:flex}.model-review-group{padding-block:var(--spacing-section);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong)}.model-review-group__header{gap:var(--space-8);margin-bottom:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:9rem minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start;display:grid}.model-review-group__header h2{max-width:22ch;font-size:var(--type-display-md);margin:0}.model-review-group__header>span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase}.model-review-list{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.model-review-list li{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.model-review-row{grid-template-columns:5.5rem minmax(10rem, .65fr) minmax(0, 1.35fr) minmax(0, 1.7fr) var(--target-min);gap:var(--space-5);min-height:var(--target-prominent);padding-block:var(--space-5);align-items:center;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.model-review-row__meta{gap:var(--space-1);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase;display:grid}.model-review-row__meta span:first-child{color:var(--accent-strong);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold)}.model-review-row>strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-module)/1.25 var(--font-display)}.model-review-row__premise{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);line-height:1.5}.model-review-row__arrow{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-module);transition:transform var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard);justify-self:end}.model-review-row:hover>strong,.model-review-row:focus-visible>strong{color:var(--accent-strong)}.model-review-row:hover .model-review-row__premise,.model-review-row:focus-visible .model-review-row__premise{color:var(--text-primary)}.model-review-row:hover .model-review-row__arrow,.model-review-row:focus-visible .model-review-row__arrow{transform:translateX(var(--space-1))}@media (max-width:900px){.model-case-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.model-scope{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.model-scope__wide{grid-column:span 2}.model-impact-lists,.model-audit__groups,.model-audit__summary{grid-template-columns:1fr}.model-audit__summary div{border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.model-review-group__header{gap:var(--space-4);grid-template-columns:1fr auto}.model-review-group__header .eyebrow{grid-column:1}.model-review-row{grid-template-columns:5rem minmax(9rem, .7fr) minmax(0, 1.3fr) var(--target-min)}.model-review-row__premise{grid-column:3}.model-review-row__arrow{grid-area:1/4/span 2}}@media (max-width:560px){.model-case-layout{padding-top:var(--space-6)}.model-scope,.model-proof-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.model-proof-grid>:last-child:nth-child(odd),.model-scope__wide{grid-column:1}.model-narrative ul{columns:1}.model-review-index{padding-top:var(--space-8)}.model-review-group{padding-block:var(--space-10)}.model-review-row{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr) var(--target-min);gap:var(--space-2) var(--space-4)}.model-review-row__meta,.model-review-row .company-identity,.model-review-row>strong,.model-review-row__premise{grid-column:1}.model-review-row__arrow{grid-area:1/2/span 3}}
:root{--type-editorial-section-title:clamp(1.85rem, 2.75vw, 2.75rem);--type-editorial-row-title:clamp(1.05rem, 1.4vw, 1.3rem);--type-editorial-row-body:clamp(.9rem, 1vw, 1rem);--leading-editorial-row-title:1.22;--leading-editorial-row-body:1.55;--spacing-editorial-row-block:clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 3rem);--gap-editorial-row:var(--layout-grid-gap);--width-editorial-row-index:var(--layout-index-rail)}.editorial-index{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.editorial-index__row{grid-template-columns:var(--width-editorial-row-index) minmax(12rem, 3fr) minmax(24rem, 8fr);gap:var(--gap-editorial-row);min-height:0;padding-block:var(--spacing-editorial-row-block);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);align-items:start;display:grid}.editorial-index__row:last-child{border-bottom:0}.editorial-index__number{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);grid-area:1/1}.editorial-index__title{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-editorial-row-title)/var(--leading-editorial-row-title) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.015em;grid-column:2;margin:0}.editorial-index__body{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-editorial-row-body);line-height:var(--leading-editorial-row-body);grid-column:3;margin:0}@media (max-width:800px){.editorial-index__row{grid-template-columns:var(--width-editorial-row-index) minmax(0, 1fr)}.editorial-index__number{grid-row:1/span 2}.editorial-index__body{grid-column:2}}.principle-grid{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.principle-item{min-width:0;padding:var(--space-4) clamp(var(--space-5), 2.5vw, var(--space-8)) var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.principle-item:not(:nth-child(3n+1)){padding-left:clamp(var(--space-5), 2.5vw, var(--space-8));border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.principle-item__number{margin-bottom:var(--space-4);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;display:block}.principle-item__title{max-width:18ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-editorial-row-title)/var(--leading-editorial-row-title) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:0}.principle-item__body{max-width:34ch;margin:var(--space-4) 0 0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-editorial-row-body);line-height:var(--leading-editorial-row-body)}.evidence-archive-grid{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 5vw, var(--space-12));border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.evidence-archive-item{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-logo-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-grid-gap);min-width:0;padding-block:var(--space-6) var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);align-items:start;display:grid}.evidence-archive-item__mark{align-self:start}.evidence-archive-item__content{min-width:0}.evidence-archive-item__title{margin:0 0 var(--space-1);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-editorial-row-title)/var(--leading-editorial-row-title) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.015em}.evidence-archive-item__organization{color:var(--text-secondary);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);margin:0;line-height:1.4}.evidence-archive-item__meta,.evidence-archive-item__links{gap:var(--space-1) var(--space-3);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;display:flex}.evidence-archive-item__meta{margin-top:var(--space-1)}.evidence-archive-item__meta p{margin:0}.evidence-archive-item__meta,.evidence-archive-item__links{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.35}.evidence-archive-item__links .action-link{overflow-wrap:anywhere}.evidence-archive-item__proof{max-width:44ch;margin:var(--space-4) 0 0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-editorial-row-body);line-height:var(--leading-editorial-row-body)}@media (max-width:960px){.principle-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.principle-item:not(:nth-child(3n+1)){border-left:0;padding-left:0}.principle-item:nth-child(2n){padding-left:clamp(var(--space-5), 3vw, var(--space-8));border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}}@media (max-width:900px){.evidence-archive-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}@media (max-width:620px){.principle-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.principle-item,.principle-item:nth-child(2n){grid-template-columns:var(--layout-index-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);column-gap:var(--space-3);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-left:0;display:grid}.principle-item__number{grid-area:1/1/span 2;margin:.14rem 0 0}.principle-item__title,.principle-item__body{grid-column:2}.principle-item__body{max-width:var(--measure-prose);margin-top:var(--space-3)}.evidence-archive-item{--brand-mark-slot-inline:4.75rem;gap:var(--space-4);grid-template-columns:4.75rem minmax(0,1fr)}}
.site-header{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-header)}.header-inner{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:2rem;min-height:4.75rem;display:flex}.brand-group{align-items:center;gap:var(--space-3);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.brand{min-height:var(--target-min);font:var(--font-weight-bold) var(--type-brand)/1 var(--font-ui);letter-spacing:-.025em;align-items:center;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.site-header ul{gap:clamp(.8rem,2vw,1.7rem);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.nav-link{min-height:var(--target-min);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);align-items:center;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex;position:relative}.nav-link:after{height:var(--rule-width-strong);background:var(--accent-primary);content:"";opacity:0;transition:opacity var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard), transform var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard);position:absolute;bottom:.35rem;left:0;right:0;transform:scaleX(.35)}.nav-link:hover:after,.nav-link--hover:after{opacity:.55;transform:scaleX(1)}.nav-link[aria-current=page],.nav-link--active{color:var(--text-primary);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold)}.nav-link[aria-current=page]:after,.nav-link--active:after{opacity:1;transform:scaleX(1)}.site-footer{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-subtle);padding:3rem 0}.site-footer__stack{gap:var(--space-2);justify-items:start}.site-footer__stack>*{margin:0}body:has(main>.page-boundary--preceding)>.site-footer{border-top:0}.hero{align-items:end;padding-block:clamp(3rem,5vw,4.5rem)}.hero h1,.page-header h1{max-width:15ch;font-family:var(--font-display);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);letter-spacing:-.042em;margin:.5rem 0 1.25rem;line-height:1.01}.hero h1{font-size:var(--type-display-lg)}.page-header h1{font-size:var(--type-page-title)}.hero .lede,.case-premise,.reading-page .lede{max-width:42rem;font:var(--font-weight-regular) var(--type-body-lg)/1.5 var(--font-body)}.hero__proof{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);padding-top:1rem}.home-work{padding-bottom:var(--spacing-section)}.proof-signal-group{display:grid}.proof-signal{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);padding:1rem 0 1.1rem;position:relative}.proof-signal:before{width:2rem;height:var(--rule-width-strong);background:var(--text-primary);content:"";position:absolute;bottom:-1px;left:0}.proof-signal__meta{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;font-size:.65rem;display:flex}.proof-signal strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.22rem/1.25 var(--font-display);margin-top:.45rem;display:block}.proof-signal p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);margin:.35rem 0 0;line-height:1.45}.case-proof-signals{gap:var(--rule-width);border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin-top:2.5rem}.case-proof-signals .proof-signal{background:var(--surface-subtle);border:0;padding:1.1rem}.work-tier{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);padding-block:clamp(3rem,7vw,6rem)}.work-tier__header{grid-template-columns:9rem minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem;display:grid}.work-tier__header h2{max-width:25ch;margin:0;font-size:clamp(1.65rem,3vw,2.7rem)}.work-tier__header>span{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.72rem}.work-list{display:grid}.work-list--flagship{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem}.work-list--flagship .work-card:first-child{grid-column:1/-1}.work-list--featured{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.work-card{min-width:0;position:relative}.work-card__content{flex-direction:column;min-width:0;display:flex}.work-card--flagship{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-default);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(17rem,.8fr);gap:clamp(2rem,5vw,4rem);min-height:27rem;padding:clamp(1.8rem,4vw,3.25rem);display:grid}.work-list--flagship .work-card:not(:first-child){grid-template-columns:1fr;min-height:25rem}.work-card--featured{border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);min-height:20rem;padding:clamp(1.4rem,3vw,2.25rem)}.work-card-meta{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;justify-content:space-between;gap:1rem;font-size:.72rem;display:flex}.company-identity{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:.35rem .7rem;min-width:0;display:flex}.company-identity__name{color:var(--text-primary);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.105em;text-transform:uppercase;line-height:1.35}.company-identity__context{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.065em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.7rem;line-height:1.4}.company-identity--card{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);margin-top:.8rem;padding-top:.8rem}.company-identity--hero{margin-bottom:var(--space-3)}.company-identity--hero .company-identity__name{font-size:.86rem}.company-identity--supporting .company-identity__name{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro)}.work-card h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em;margin:1rem 0 .9rem}.work-card h3 a{text-decoration:none}.work-card__premise{max-width:40rem;margin:0 0 1.5rem}.work-card__facts{gap:.65rem;margin:0 0 1.25rem;display:grid}.work-card__facts div{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:6.8rem 1fr;gap:.75rem;padding-top:.65rem;display:grid}.work-card__facts dt{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.07em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.66rem}.work-card__facts dd{margin:0;font-size:.85rem}.case-scope-summary{margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-5);color:var(--text-primary);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium);letter-spacing:normal;line-height:1.55}.work-card__actions{gap:var(--space-3) var(--space-5);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;margin-top:auto;display:flex}.work-card__actions .text-link{margin-top:0}.supporting-chapter-list{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;container-type:inline-size}.supporting-chapter-list li{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.supporting-chapter-row{gap:var(--space-4);width:100%;min-height:var(--target-prominent);padding:var(--space-4) 0;grid-template-columns:minmax(10.5rem,13rem) minmax(0,1fr) 1.5rem;align-items:baseline;display:grid}.supporting-chapter-row__title{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body)/1.3 var(--font-display)}.supporting-chapter-row__description{min-width:0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);line-height:1.45}.supporting-chapter-row__arrow{color:var(--accent-strong);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);opacity:.58;transition:opacity var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard), transform var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard);justify-self:end}.supporting-chapter-row--link{transition:color var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard)}.supporting-chapter-row--link:hover,.supporting-chapter-row--link:focus-visible{color:var(--accent-strong)}.supporting-chapter-row--link:hover .supporting-chapter-row__description,.supporting-chapter-row--link:focus-visible .supporting-chapter-row__description{color:var(--text-primary)}.supporting-chapter-row--link:hover .supporting-chapter-row__arrow,.supporting-chapter-row--link:focus-visible .supporting-chapter-row__arrow{opacity:1;transform:translateX(var(--space-1))}.throughline-figure{margin:0}.throughline{border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);grid-template-columns:repeat(6,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.throughline li{border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);align-content:space-between;min-height:10.5rem;padding:1rem;display:grid;position:relative}.throughline li:last-child{border-right:0}.throughline li:not(:last-child):after{z-index:1;border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);border-radius:var(--radius-round);background:var(--surface-subtle);content:"→";place-items:center;width:1.4rem;height:1.4rem;font-size:.75rem;display:grid;position:absolute;top:50%;right:-.72rem}.throughline__number{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;font-size:.68rem}.throughline strong{max-width:8rem;font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.06rem/1.25 var(--font-display)}.throughline .is-active:before{background:var(--accent-primary);content:"";height:3px;position:absolute;bottom:-2px;left:1rem;right:1rem}.career-section{align-items:start}.career-arc{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.career-arc li{--editorial-marker-column:2.4rem;--editorial-marker-gap:1rem;grid-template-columns:var(--editorial-marker-column) minmax(0, 1fr) 7rem;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);align-items:start;padding:1.1rem 0}.career-arc__index{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;font-size:.68rem}.career-arc__body{gap:.1rem;display:grid}.career-arc__body>span{color:var(--text-muted)}.career-arc__domains{letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.68rem}.career-arc__breadth{justify-content:flex-end;align-self:center;gap:.25rem;display:flex}.career-arc__breadth i{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);width:.75rem;height:.75rem;display:block}.career-arc__breadth i:nth-child(2n){border-radius:var(--radius-round)}.perspective-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1.25rem;display:grid}.perspective-grid article,.perspective-list article{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);padding:1.3rem 0}.perspective-grid h3{margin-bottom:var(--space-3);font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.5rem/1.2 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em}.perspective-grid h3 a,.perspective-entry h2 a{text-decoration:none}.perspective-themes{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.04em;font-size:.72rem}.perspective-more{margin-top:2rem;display:inline-block}.contact-band{background:var(--surface-inverse);color:var(--text-inverse)}.contact-band .button{border-color:var(--text-inverse);background:var(--text-inverse);color:var(--text-primary)}.contact-band .button:hover{border-color:var(--text-inverse);color:var(--text-inverse);background:0 0}.proof-strip{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.proof-strip li{padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);gap:.25rem;display:grid}.proof-strip span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm)}.belief-list{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.belief-receipt{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:3rem minmax(0,.9fr) minmax(0,1.1fr);display:grid}.belief-receipt__index{color:var(--accent-strong)}.belief-receipt h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display);margin-top:0}.belief-receipt__receipt{padding-left:var(--space-6);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);font-size:var(--type-body-sm)}.cluster{gap:var(--space-4);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.v2-work-grid{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.v2-work-grid article{padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.v2-work-grid article:last-child{border-right:0}.v2-work-grid h3,.chapter-links h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.v2-work-grid .text-link{margin-top:auto}.v2-work-grid--evidence article{gap:var(--space-3)}.v2-work-grid--evidence article>p{margin-block:0}.v2-work-grid--evidence .evidence-preview{margin-block:var(--space-3) var(--space-4)}.homepage-reflection-list{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.homepage-reflection-list article{gap:var(--space-5);padding-block:var(--space-6);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:3rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.homepage-reflection-list article>span{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.homepage-reflection-list article>div{gap:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:minmax(13rem,.9fr) minmax(0,1.1fr) auto;align-items:start;display:grid}.homepage-reflection-list .eyebrow{grid-column:1/-1;margin:0}.homepage-reflection-list h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display);margin:0}.homepage-reflection-list article p:not(.eyebrow){margin:0}.homepage-reflection-list .text-link{min-width:max-content;margin-top:0}.homepage-jpmc-stories{margin:0 0 var(--space-10);border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.homepage-jpmc-stories li{gap:var(--space-4);min-height:20rem;padding:clamp(var(--space-6), 4vw, var(--space-10));grid-template-columns:2.5rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.homepage-jpmc-stories li:nth-child(odd){border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.homepage-jpmc-stories li:nth-child(-n+4){border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.homepage-jpmc-stories li>span{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.homepage-jpmc-stories li>div{gap:var(--space-3);flex-direction:column;min-width:0;display:flex}.homepage-jpmc-stories h4,.homepage-jpmc-stories p{margin:0}.homepage-jpmc-stories h4{max-width:30ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em}.homepage-jpmc-stories .text-link{padding-top:var(--space-6);align-self:flex-start;margin-top:auto}.career-section--compact .career-arc__domains,.career-section--compact .career-arc__breadth{display:none}.career-section--compact .career-arc li{grid-template-columns:2.4rem minmax(0,1fr);padding-block:.8rem}.lineage-row{gap:var(--space-5);padding-top:var(--space-6);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.connected-throughline__feedback{padding-top:var(--space-3);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);text-align:right;margin:0}.state-path{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.state-path li{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.state-path__gate{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm)}.maturity-state{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:.25rem .5rem;display:inline-flex}.maturity-state--experiment,.maturity-state--emerging-practice{border-style:dashed}.v2-work-list article{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:3rem minmax(0,1fr) auto;align-items:start;display:grid}.v2-work-list h2{margin:0 0 var(--space-3);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.05 var(--font-display)}.chapter-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-rail-gap);padding-block:var(--spacing-page);display:grid}.collection-nav{top:var(--space-5);align-self:start;position:sticky}.collection-nav ul{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);padding:0;list-style:none}.collection-nav li{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.collection-nav a{padding:var(--space-3) 0;display:block}.collection-nav a[aria-current=page]{font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);color:var(--accent-strong)}.chapter-opening{padding-bottom:var(--space-10);border-bottom:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.chapter-opening h1{max-width:16ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-lg)/1 var(--font-display)}.executive-summary{margin:var(--space-10) 0}.executive-summary div{gap:var(--space-5);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:11rem 1fr;display:grid}.executive-summary dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.executive-summary dd{margin:0}.responsibility-boundary,.evidence-gap{margin-block:var(--space-8);padding:var(--space-5);border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.responsibility-boundary h2{font-size:var(--type-display-sm)}.chapter-progression{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.chapter-progression li{padding:var(--space-5);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.chapter-links{gap:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);display:grid}.chapter-links article{padding:var(--space-5);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.standalone-case{max-width:var(--content-reading);padding-block:var(--spacing-page)}@media (max-width:760px){.site-header ul{gap:.45rem}.nav-link{font-size:.76rem}.belief-receipt{grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr}.belief-receipt__receipt{border-left:0;grid-column:2;padding-left:0}.v2-work-grid,.state-path{grid-template-columns:1fr}.v2-work-grid article,.state-path li{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.chapter-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.collection-nav{position:static}.chapter-links{grid-template-columns:1fr}.v2-work-list article{grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr}.v2-work-list article>.text-link{grid-column:2}.homepage-reflection-list article{grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(0,1fr)}.homepage-reflection-list article>div{gap:var(--space-3);grid-template-columns:1fr}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important;animation-duration:.01ms!important}}.work-collection-cue{margin-block:var(--space-3) var(--space-5);padding-top:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.homepage-flishworks-state{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.homepage-flishworks-state article{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.homepage-flishworks-state article:last-child{border-right:0}.homepage-flishworks-state h3{margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-3);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.flishworks-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-rail-gap);padding-block:var(--spacing-page);display:grid}.flishworks-chapter{min-width:0}.flishworks-masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-bottom:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.flishworks-masthead h1{max-width:13ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.flishworks-masthead__proposition{max-width:25ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-lede)/1.22 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:0}.flishworks-masthead__state{gap:var(--space-3);margin-top:var(--space-8);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.public-state{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-default);width:fit-content;color:var(--text-primary);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-style:normal;font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;padding:.25rem .5rem;display:inline-flex}.flishworks-summary,.flishworks-section{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8)}.flishworks-summary>h2,.flishworks-section__header h2{max-width:22ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/var(--leading-display) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.flishworks-summary>dl{margin:var(--space-8) 0;border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.flishworks-summary>dl>div{gap:var(--space-6);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:10.5rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.flishworks-summary dt,.productization-state dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.065em;text-transform:uppercase}.flishworks-summary dd,.productization-state dd{margin:0}.source-boundary{margin-block:var(--space-8);padding:var(--space-5);border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.source-boundary>strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.1rem/1.3 var(--font-display)}.source-boundary p{color:var(--text-secondary);margin-bottom:0}.source-boundary .text-link{margin-top:var(--space-3)}.flishworks-section{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.flishworks-section__header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.flishworks-section__header>p:last-child{max-width:var(--content-copy);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.55}.flishworks-flow-node{gap:var(--space-2);display:grid}.flishworks-flow-node small,.flishworks-flow-node em{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-style:normal;font-weight:var(--font-weight-regular);line-height:1.45;display:block}.flishworks-flow-node em{padding-top:var(--space-2);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-secondary)}.human-ai-allocation{margin-block:var(--space-10)}.human-ai-allocation header{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.human-ai-allocation h3{max-width:26ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.human-ai-allocation__table{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.human-ai-allocation__row{gap:var(--space-5);padding:var(--space-4);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(8rem,.65fr) 1fr 1fr;display:grid}.human-ai-allocation__row>:last-child{padding-left:var(--space-5);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.human-ai-allocation__head{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.transformation-agenda{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.transformation-agenda>article{gap:var(--space-8);padding-block:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(10rem,.6fr) 1.4fr;display:grid}.transformation-agenda>article>header{align-content:start;gap:var(--space-3);display:grid}.transformation-agenda>article>header span{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.06em}.transformation-agenda h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display);margin:0}.transformation-agenda dl{gap:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;display:grid}.transformation-agenda dl>div{padding-top:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.transformation-agenda dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.055em;text-transform:uppercase}.transformation-agenda dd{margin:var(--space-2) 0 0;font-size:var(--type-body-sm);line-height:1.55}.working-learning{margin:var(--space-12) 0;padding:clamp(var(--space-6), 6vw, var(--space-12));border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.working-learning blockquote{max-width:31ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2.6rem)/1.2 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin:0}.instrumentation-strip{margin-bottom:var(--space-8);border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);display:grid}.instrumentation-strip article{gap:var(--space-2);min-height:8rem;padding:var(--space-4);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);display:grid}.instrumentation-strip article:last-child{border-right:0}.instrumentation-strip span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.acquisition-path{grid-template-columns:repeat(5,1fr);margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.acquisition-path li{min-height:16rem;padding:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--rule-strong);align-content:start;display:grid}.acquisition-path li>span:first-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro)}.acquisition-path .public-state{margin-block:var(--space-4)}.acquisition-path strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.05rem/1.25 var(--font-display)}.acquisition-path p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.acquisition-path li[data-state=future-design],.acquisition-path li[data-state=next-proof]{background:var(--surface-subtle);border-top-style:dashed}.current-proposed{margin-top:var(--space-10);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.current-proposed article{padding:var(--space-5);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.current-proposed article:last-child{border-right:0}.current-proposed h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.foundry-boundary{gap:var(--space-5);margin-block:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:1fr auto 1fr;align-items:stretch;display:grid}.foundry-boundary__business,.foundry-boundary__shared{padding:var(--space-6);border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.foundry-boundary__shared{background:var(--surface-subtle);border-style:dashed}.foundry-boundary h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.foundry-boundary__gate{gap:var(--space-2);color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.05em;text-transform:uppercase;align-content:center;justify-items:center;display:grid}.foundry-states{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.foundry-states article{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.foundry-states article:last-child{border-right:0}.productization-path{margin-block:var(--space-8);border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.productization-path li{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.productization-path li:last-child{border-right:0;border-left:var(--rule-width) dashed var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.productization-path li>span{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-micro)}.productization-path strong{margin-top:var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.05rem/1.25 var(--font-display);display:block}.productization-path p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.productization-state{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.productization-state dl{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.productization-state dl>div{gap:var(--space-5);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:10rem 1fr;display:grid}.evidence-needs{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.evidence-needs li{gap:var(--space-3);padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr;display:grid}.evidence-needs li>span{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-micro)}.evidence-needs strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.05rem/1.3 var(--font-display)}.evidence-needs p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);margin-bottom:0}.history-continuity{margin-top:var(--space-16)}.history-continuity>h3{max-width:25ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.history-continuity>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);display:grid}.history-continuity a{gap:var(--space-2);padding:var(--space-4);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);display:grid}.history-continuity a span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}@media (max-width:900px){.flishworks-layout,.homepage-flishworks-state,.instrumentation-strip,.current-proposed,.foundry-states{grid-template-columns:1fr}.homepage-flishworks-state article,.instrumentation-strip article,.current-proposed article,.foundry-states article{border-right:0}.instrumentation-strip article{min-height:auto}.transformation-agenda>article{grid-template-columns:1fr}.acquisition-path,.productization-path{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr)}.productization-path li:nth-child(2){border-right:0}.productization-path li:last-child{border-left:0}}@media (max-width:560px){.flishworks-summary>dl>div,.productization-state dl>div,.human-ai-allocation__row{gap:var(--space-2);grid-template-columns:1fr}.human-ai-allocation__row>:last-child{padding:var(--space-2) 0 0;border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0}.human-ai-allocation__head{display:none}.transformation-agenda dl,.acquisition-path,.productization-path,.evidence-needs,.history-continuity>div{grid-template-columns:1fr}.acquisition-path li,.productization-path li{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);min-height:auto}.foundry-boundary{grid-template-columns:1fr}.foundry-boundary__gate{padding-block:var(--space-2);grid-template-columns:auto auto}.foundry-boundary__gate span:last-child{transform:rotate(90deg)}}.human-presence{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:5.5rem 1fr;align-items:start;gap:1.25rem;padding:1.25rem;display:grid}.human-presence__portrait{aspect-ratio:4/5;border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-subtle);font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.15rem var(--font-display);place-items:center;display:grid}.human-presence p{margin-top:0}.human-presence .muted{font-size:.8rem}.page-header--work h1{margin:0}.lens-nav{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem;padding:0 0 2rem;display:flex}.lens-control{min-height:var(--target-min);padding:var(--space-2) var(--space-3);border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--radius-sm);background:var(--surface-default);transition:border-color var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard), background-color var(--motion-fast) var(--ease-standard);align-items:center;font-size:.82rem;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.lens-control:hover{border-color:var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.lens-control:active{border-color:var(--text-primary);color:var(--text-primary)}.lens-control[aria-current=page]{border-color:var(--text-primary);background:var(--surface-inverse);color:var(--text-inverse)}.reading-page{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-inline:auto}.reading-page h1{font:var(--font-weight-medium) clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 4.7rem)/1 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.about-throughline{align-items:start}.page-header--perspective h1{max-width:17ch;margin:0}.perspective-entry{--editorial-marker-column:5rem;--editorial-marker-gap:1rem;grid-template-columns:var(--editorial-marker-column) minmax(0, 1fr);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong)!important;padding-block:clamp(2rem,5vw,4rem)!important}.perspective-entry:first-child{border-top-width:var(--rule-width-emphasis)!important}.perspective-entry__number{color:var(--accent-strong);font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.1rem var(--font-display)}.perspective-entry h2{max-width:22ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/var(--leading-display) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em;margin:.35rem 0 1rem}.perspective-entry>div:last-child>p:not(.eyebrow,.perspective-themes){max-width:48rem;font:var(--font-weight-regular) 1.1rem/1.65 var(--font-body)}.perspective-entry--secondary{border-top-color:var(--rule)!important}.perspective-entry--secondary h2{font-size:var(--type-display-sm)}.perspective-article{min-width:0}.perspective-masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-page);grid-template-columns:12rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:0 clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem);display:grid}.perspective-back{min-height:var(--target-min);color:var(--text-muted);grid-area:1/1/span 5;align-self:start;font-size:.82rem}.perspective-masthead>:not(.perspective-back){grid-column:2}.perspective-masthead h1{max-width:17ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display);margin:.5rem 0 1.5rem}.perspective-masthead .lede{max-width:46rem;font:var(--font-weight-regular) clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.55rem)/1.55 var(--font-body);margin:0}.perspective-article__meta{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.04em;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.5rem;margin-top:2rem;padding-top:1rem;font-size:.72rem;display:flex}.perspective-article__layout{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);grid-template-columns:12rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem);padding-block:clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7rem);display:grid}.perspective-contents{align-self:start;min-width:0;position:sticky;top:2rem}.perspective-contents ol{margin:1rem 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.perspective-contents a{min-height:var(--target-min);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);padding:.35rem 0;line-height:1.35;display:block}.perspective-body{width:100%;max-width:var(--content-reading);min-width:0}.perspective-body>p{margin:0 0 1.45rem;font-size:1.05rem;line-height:1.78}.perspective-body>p:first-child{font:var(--font-weight-regular) clamp(1.2rem, 2vw, 1.45rem)/1.6 var(--font-body);margin-bottom:2rem}.perspective-body h2{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);max-width:22ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/var(--leading-display) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:clamp(4.5rem,9vw,7rem) 0 1.5rem;padding-top:1rem;scroll-margin-top:2rem}.perspective-body blockquote{border-left:var(--rule-width-quote) solid var(--accent-strong);margin:2.5rem 0;padding:1.5rem 0 1.5rem clamp(1.25rem,4vw,2.5rem)}.perspective-body blockquote p{max-width:28ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) clamp(1.55rem, 3vw, 2.3rem)/1.25 var(--font-editorial);margin:0}.perspective-questions{border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-subtle);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));margin:2.5rem 0;display:grid}.perspective-questions p{--editorial-marker-column:.75rem;--editorial-marker-gap:var(--space-3);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body)/1.45 var(--font-body);margin:0;padding:1rem 1.25rem}.perspective-questions .editorial-marker{color:var(--accent-strong);font:var(--font-weight-bold) .8rem/1 var(--font-body)}.perspective-questions p:nth-child(odd){border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-sequence{border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-evidence);color:var(--accent-strong);letter-spacing:.015em;padding:1.5rem;font:600 .92rem/1.8 var(--font-body)!important;margin-block:2.5rem!important}.case-page{padding-block:var(--spacing-page);grid-template-columns:12rem minmax(0,1fr);gap:clamp(2rem,6vw,6rem);display:grid}.case-rail{align-self:start;min-width:0;position:sticky;top:2rem}.case-rail ol{margin:1rem 0 0;padding:0;list-style:none}.case-rail a{min-height:36px;color:var(--text-muted);padding:.35rem 0;font-size:.82rem;display:block}.case-content{min-width:0}.case-opening{padding-bottom:var(--spacing-masthead);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.case-opening h1{max-width:14ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display);margin:.5rem 0 1.5rem}.case-facts{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem;margin-top:2rem;display:grid}.case-facts div{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);gap:.35rem;padding-top:.8rem;display:grid}.case-facts span{color:var(--text-muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.68rem}.case-section{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);padding-block:4rem;scroll-margin-top:2rem}.case-section h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-module) var(--font-display);margin-top:2rem}.case-section__intro{margin:0 0 1.5rem}.evidence-note{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-subtle);padding:1rem}.responsibility{margin-block:var(--spacing-deep-module);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong)}.responsibility header{justify-content:space-between;gap:var(--space-8);padding-block:var(--space-4);display:flex}.responsibility header p{margin:0}.responsibility header p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm)}.responsibility dl{margin:0}.responsibility dl div{--editorial-marker-column:2rem;--editorial-marker-gap:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:var(--editorial-marker-column) 10rem 1fr;padding-block:var(--space-5);border-top:var(--evidence-hairline)}.responsibility__index{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-metadata);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata)}.responsibility dt{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body) var(--font-display)}.responsibility dd{margin:0}.responsibility dd ul{padding-left:var(--space-5);margin:0}.decision{gap:var(--grid-gap);margin-block:var(--spacing-decision);padding:var(--evidence-padding-spacious);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);border-left:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);background:var(--evidence-quiet-surface);grid-template-columns:minmax(15rem,.75fr) minmax(0,1.25fr);display:grid}.decision--primary{border-top-width:var(--rule-width-emphasis)}.decision--secondary{margin-block:var(--spacing-deep-module);border-left-width:var(--rule-width-strong);background:var(--surface-default);grid-template-columns:minmax(13rem,.65fr) minmax(0,1.35fr)}.decision header{align-self:start}.decision h3{max-width:17ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 0;font:var(--font-weight-medium) clamp(1.75rem, 3vw, 2.8rem)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.035em}.decision--secondary h3{font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.4vw,2rem)}.decision dl{margin:0}.decision dl div{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-5);border-top:var(--evidence-hairline);grid-template-columns:8rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.decision dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-metadata);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase}.decision dd{margin:0;line-height:1.65}.decision__choice dt{color:var(--accent-strong)}.decision__choice dd{font-weight:var(--font-weight-medium)}.decision--placeholder{background:var(--surface-evidence);border-left-style:double}.artifact-grid,.artifact-demo{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1rem;display:grid}.artifact{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-default);margin:0}.artifact--reconstructed{border-style:dashed}.artifact--retrospective{background:var(--surface-evidence);box-shadow:inset 0 var(--rule-width-state) 0 var(--text-primary)}.artifact__visual{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background-image:linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 48%, var(--rule) 49%, var(--rule) 51%, transparent 52%);align-content:center;gap:.8rem;min-height:14rem;padding:1.5rem;display:grid}.artifact__visual span{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle);height:1.5rem;display:block}.artifact__visual span:nth-child(2){border-radius:2rem;width:72%}.artifact__visual span:nth-child(3){width:42%}.artifact figcaption{gap:.35rem;padding:1rem;display:grid}.artifact figcaption strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.2rem var(--font-display)}.provenance{color:var(--accent-strong);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.64rem}.artifact__proof{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);padding-top:.5rem;font-size:.78rem}.artifact__confidentiality{font-size:.7rem;font-style:italic}.artifact--placeholder .artifact__visual{opacity:.7}.foundations-page{--foundation-inset:clamp(1.25rem, 4vw, 3rem)}.foundations-section{margin-top:var(--space-8);padding:var(--foundation-inset);border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.foundations-section>.display-heading{max-width:22ch}.foundation-token-grid{margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.foundation-swatch{min-height:9rem;padding:var(--space-4);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);align-items:end;display:grid}.foundation-swatch--default{background:var(--surface-default)}.foundation-swatch--subtle{background:var(--surface-subtle)}.foundation-swatch--muted{background:var(--surface-muted)}.foundation-swatch--evidence{background:var(--surface-evidence)}.foundation-swatch--inverse{background:var(--surface-inverse);color:var(--text-inverse)}.foundation-swatch--accent{background:var(--accent-primary);color:var(--text-inverse)}.foundation-rule-stack{gap:var(--space-4);margin-top:var(--space-8);display:grid}.foundation-spacing-scale{gap:var(--space-4);margin-top:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.foundation-spacing-scale div{min-width:0}.foundation-spacing-scale i{height:var(--space-3);background:var(--accent-primary);display:block}.foundation-space--2{width:var(--space-2)}.foundation-space--4{width:var(--space-4)}.foundation-space--8{width:var(--space-8)}.foundation-space--16{width:var(--space-16)}.foundation-type-stack{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.foundation-type-stack>*{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);padding-bottom:var(--space-4)}.foundation-identity{padding-block:var(--space-4);font:var(--font-weight-bold) clamp(1.5rem, 3vw, 2rem)/1 var(--font-ui);letter-spacing:-.03em}.foundation-marker-grid{gap:0 var(--space-8);max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-top:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.foundation-marker-example{padding-block:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);line-height:var(--leading-body);margin:0}.foundation-marker--question,.foundation-marker--glyph{color:var(--accent-strong);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold)}.foundation-marker--number{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-metadata);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata)}.foundation-nav-demo{gap:var(--space-6);margin-bottom:var(--space-6);flex-wrap:wrap;display:flex}.foundation-interactions{gap:var(--space-4);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.foundation-interactions .button{margin-top:0}.foundation-article-title{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-top:var(--space-10);padding-block:var(--space-6);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.foundation-article-title .display-heading{max-width:20ch;margin-block:var(--space-3)}.foundation-card-stack{gap:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);display:grid}.foundation-card-stack .work-card--flagship{border-top:0;border-left:0}.diagram-demo{margin:var(--spacing-deep-module) 0 0}.diagram-demo>figcaption{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-5);display:grid}.diagram-demo>figcaption strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-module) var(--font-display)}.diagram-demo>figcaption>span:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm)}.diagram-demo__canvas{gap:var(--space-4);padding:var(--space-6);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);background:var(--surface-default);grid-template-columns:minmax(7rem,.8fr) 4rem minmax(14rem,1.6fr) 4rem minmax(8rem,1fr) 4rem minmax(8rem,1fr);align-items:center;display:grid}.diagram-node{align-content:center;gap:var(--space-1);min-width:0;min-height:5.25rem;padding:var(--space-3);border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);background:var(--surface-default);display:grid}.diagram-node>span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase}.diagram-node>strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body-sm)/1.35 var(--font-display)}.diagram-node--actor{border-radius:var(--radius-pill);text-align:center}.diagram-node--intelligent-actor{border:var(--rule-width-emphasis) double var(--text-primary);border-radius:var(--radius-pill)}.diagram-node--system{outline:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);outline-offset:-4px}.diagram-node--tool{border-radius:var(--radius-sm)}.diagram-node--data{border-bottom:var(--rule-width-state) double var(--text-primary)}.diagram-node--decision{border-top-width:var(--rule-width-emphasis)}.diagram-node--approval{border-style:dashed}.diagram-node--outcome{border-radius:var(--radius-round);aspect-ratio:1;text-align:center;place-content:center}.diagram-boundary{gap:var(--space-3);padding:var(--space-8) var(--space-4) var(--space-4);border:var(--rule-width) dashed var(--rule-strong);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.diagram-boundary>span{margin-top:calc(var(--space-6) * -1);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-metadata);text-transform:uppercase;grid-column:1/-1}.diagram-demo__support{gap:var(--space-3);grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.diagram-demo__decision{gap:var(--space-3);display:grid}.diagram-flow{justify-items:center;gap:var(--space-1);min-width:0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.04em;text-transform:uppercase;display:grid}.diagram-flow i{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);width:100%;display:block;position:relative}.diagram-flow i:after{top:-.56rem;right:calc(var(--space-1) * -1);content:"→";color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-body);position:absolute}.diagram-flow--conditional i{border-top-style:dashed}.diagram-flow--feedback i{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) double var(--text-primary)}.diagram-flow--feedback i:after{content:"↶";top:-.8rem}@media (max-width:1100px){.work-card--flagship{grid-template-columns:1fr}.diagram-demo__canvas{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}.diagram-flow{min-height:2rem}.diagram-boundary{grid-row:span 2}.throughline{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr)}.throughline li:nth-child(3){border-right:0}.throughline li:nth-child(-n+3){border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.throughline li:nth-child(3):after{display:none}}@media (max-width:800px){.hero,.case-page,.perspective-masthead,.perspective-article__layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero{align-items:start}.hero__proof{max-width:38rem}.work-tier__header{grid-template-columns:1fr auto}.work-tier__header .eyebrow{grid-column:1}.work-tier__header h2{grid-area:2/1/auto/-1}.work-tier__header>span{grid-area:1/2}.work-list--flagship,.work-list--featured,.perspective-grid,.artifact-grid,.artifact-demo,.foundation-marker-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.foundation-token-grid,.foundation-spacing-scale{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.work-list--flagship .work-card:first-child{grid-column:1}.case-rail{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);position:static}.case-rail ol{gap:1rem;display:flex;overflow-x:auto}.case-rail a{min-height:var(--target-min);white-space:nowrap}.perspective-back{grid-area:auto/1;margin-bottom:2rem}.perspective-masthead>:not(.perspective-back){grid-column:1}.perspective-contents{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);position:static;overflow:hidden}.perspective-contents ol{gap:1rem;display:flex;overflow-x:auto}.perspective-contents a{min-width:max-content}.perspective-body{margin-inline:auto}.case-proof-signals,.decision,.diagram-demo__canvas{grid-template-columns:1fr}.diagram-boundary{grid-row:auto}.diagram-flow i{border-top:0;border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--text-primary);width:1px;height:2rem}.diagram-flow i:after{top:auto;bottom:-.4rem;right:-.24rem;transform:rotate(90deg)}.diagram-flow--conditional i{border-left-style:dashed}.diagram-flow--feedback i{border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) double var(--text-primary)}.throughline{border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule-strong);grid-template-columns:1fr}.throughline li{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);min-height:5.5rem}.throughline li:nth-child(3){border-right:0}.throughline li:not(:last-child):after{top:auto;bottom:-.72rem;right:1rem;transform:rotate(90deg)}.throughline li:nth-child(3):after{display:grid}.throughline .is-active:before{width:3px;height:auto;top:1rem;bottom:1rem;left:-2px}}@container (max-width:31rem){.supporting-chapter-row{gap:var(--space-1) var(--space-3);padding-block:var(--space-4);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 1.5rem;align-items:start}.supporting-chapter-row__title,.supporting-chapter-row__description{grid-column:1}.supporting-chapter-row__description{grid-row:2}.supporting-chapter-row__arrow{grid-area:1/2/span 2;align-self:center}}@media (max-width:560px){.header-inner{padding-block:.75rem;display:block}.brand-group{margin-bottom:var(--space-1)}.site-header ul{justify-content:space-between;gap:.25rem}.site-header nav a{font-size:.8rem}.hero{padding-block:3rem}.case-facts{grid-template-columns:1fr}.work-card--flagship{min-height:0;padding:1.25rem}.work-card__facts div,.responsibility dl div,.decision dl div{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.2rem}.responsibility__index{display:none}.responsibility header{display:block}.career-arc li{grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr}.career-arc__breadth{grid-column:2;justify-content:flex-start}.human-presence{grid-template-columns:4.5rem 1fr}.diagram-boundary,.diagram-demo__support{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-entry{grid-template-columns:2.5rem minmax(0,1fr)}.perspective-article__meta{display:grid}.perspective-questions{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-questions p:nth-child(odd){border-right:0}.foundation-token-grid,.foundation-spacing-scale{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.historical-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-rail-gap);padding-block:var(--spacing-page);display:grid}.historical-case{min-width:0}.historical-breadcrumb,.historical-collection-context{gap:var(--space-2);margin-bottom:var(--space-8);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.historical-collection-context a,.historical-breadcrumb{color:var(--text-secondary)}.historical-masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-block:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);isolation:isolate;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.historical-masthead:after{z-index:-1;aspect-ratio:1;border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--accent-primary);content:"";opacity:.22;border-radius:50%;width:clamp(11rem,30vw,22rem);position:absolute;bottom:-42%;right:2%}.historical-layout--market .historical-masthead:after{border-radius:0;transform:rotate(24deg)}.historical-layout--operating-model .historical-masthead:after{border-style:double;border-width:var(--rule-width-emphasis)}.historical-layout--workflow .historical-masthead:after{aspect-ratio:2.4;border-radius:var(--radius-pill);width:48%;bottom:-22%;right:-8%;transform:rotate(-7deg)}.historical-layout--assistant .historical-masthead:after{box-shadow:0 0 0 2rem var(--visual-plane-warm);border-style:dashed}.historical-layout--knowledge .historical-masthead:after{border-color:var(--rule-strong);box-shadow:4rem 2rem 0 var(--visual-plane-cool);bottom:-18%;right:8%}.historical-layout--classic-product .historical-masthead:after{border-radius:var(--radius-sm);transform:rotate(45deg)}.historical-masthead h1{max-width:18ch;margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-6);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.historical-masthead__premise{max-width:32ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-lede)/1.22 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin:0}.historical-masthead__time{margin:var(--space-8) 0 0;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.historical-summary{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20))}.historical-summary>dl{margin:var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-10);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.historical-summary>dl>div{gap:var(--space-6);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:11.5rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.historical-summary dt,.historical-facts dt,.jpmc-collection dt,.jpmc-story-index dt,.dt4di-note dt{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.historical-summary dd,.historical-facts dd,.jpmc-collection dd,.jpmc-story-index dd,.dt4di-note dd{margin:0}.historical-proof-strip{border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.historical-proof-strip article{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.historical-proof-strip article:last-child{border-right:0}.historical-proof-strip strong{margin-bottom:var(--space-3);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.1 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.025em;display:block}.historical-proof-strip article>p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.historical-facts{gap:var(--space-10);padding-block:clamp(var(--space-10), 7vw, var(--space-16));border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(13rem,.72fr) minmax(0,1.28fr);display:grid}.historical-facts h2{max-width:13ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 0;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.historical-facts dl{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);margin:0}.historical-facts dl>div{gap:var(--space-5);padding:var(--space-4) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:8.5rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.historical-source-boundary{margin-bottom:clamp(var(--space-12), 8vw, var(--space-20))}.historical-visual,.historical-decisions,.historical-section,.historical-evidence-boundary{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.historical-visual>header,.historical-decisions>header,.historical-section>header,.historical-section__lead:not(.editorial-two-column)>header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.historical-visual h2,.historical-decisions h2,.historical-section h2,.historical-evidence-boundary h2{max-width:20ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.historical-visual>header>p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted)}.historical-section{gap:var(--space-12);grid-template-columns:minmax(14rem,.78fr) minmax(0,1.22fr);display:grid}.historical-section--1{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(14rem,.8fr)}.historical-section--2{display:block}.historical-section__lead{grid-column:1/-1}.historical-section__copy{max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.6}.historical-sequence{margin:var(--space-10) 0 0;border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-columns:repeat(5,minmax(0,1fr));padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.historical-sequence--7{grid-template-columns:repeat(7,minmax(0,1fr))}.historical-sequence li{min-width:0;padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);position:relative}.historical-sequence li:last-child{border-right:0}.historical-sequence li:not(:last-child):after{z-index:1;background:var(--surface-default);width:1.1rem;height:1.1rem;color:var(--accent-strong);content:"→";font-size:var(--type-caption);place-items:center;display:grid;position:absolute;top:50%;right:-.55rem}.historical-sequence span{margin-bottom:var(--space-8);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);display:block}.historical-sequence strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.05rem/1.25 var(--font-display);display:block}.historical-sequence p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);line-height:1.5}.historical-decision-model{margin:var(--space-10) 0 0;grid-column:1/-1}.historical-decision-model__inputs{border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.historical-decision-model__inputs article{min-width:0;padding:var(--space-5);position:relative}.historical-decision-model__inputs article+article{border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.historical-decision-model__inputs article+article:before{background:var(--surface-default);width:1rem;height:1rem;color:var(--accent-strong);content:"+";font-size:var(--type-caption);place-items:center;display:grid;position:absolute;top:50%;left:0;translate:-50% -50%}.historical-decision-model__inputs span{margin-bottom:var(--space-6);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);display:block}.historical-decision-model__inputs strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.05rem/1.25 var(--font-display);display:block}.historical-decision-model__inputs p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);margin-bottom:0;line-height:1.5}.historical-decision-model__decision{justify-items:center;gap:var(--space-2);padding-block:var(--space-6);color:var(--accent-strong);text-align:center;display:grid}.historical-decision-model__decision span{font-size:var(--type-display-sm);line-height:1}.historical-decision-model__decision strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.historical-decision-model__phases{border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.historical-decision-model__phases li{padding:var(--space-4);color:var(--text-primary);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.05em;text-align:center;text-transform:uppercase;position:relative}.historical-decision-model__phases li:not(:last-child):after{background:var(--surface-default);color:var(--accent-strong);content:"→";position:absolute;top:50%;right:0;translate:50% -50%}.historical-decision-model figcaption{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-top:var(--space-3);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro)}.historical-comparison{margin-top:var(--space-10);border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.historical-comparison article{padding:clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-8))}.historical-comparison article+article{border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.historical-comparison h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.15 var(--font-display)}.historical-callout{margin-top:var(--space-8);padding:var(--space-6);border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle);grid-column:1/-1}.historical-callout p:last-child{max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg)}.historical-groups{margin-top:var(--space-10);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-column:1/-1}.historical-group{gap:var(--space-8);padding-block:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(11rem,.32fr) minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.historical-group>h3{color:var(--accent-strong);font-size:var(--type-caption);font-weight:var(--font-weight-bold);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0;line-height:1.35}.historical-group>div{min-width:0}.historical-group article{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-5);grid-template-columns:minmax(12rem,.65fr) minmax(0,1.35fr);display:grid}.historical-group article:first-child{padding-top:0}.historical-group article:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.historical-group article+article{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.historical-group h4{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body-lg)/1.28 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:0}.historical-group article p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body);margin:0;line-height:1.58}.historical-evidence-boundary{border-top-width:var(--rule-width-emphasis)}.historical-evidence-boundary>p:not(.eyebrow){max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.6}.historical-related{gap:var(--space-4) var(--space-6);margin-top:var(--space-8);padding-top:var(--space-5);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.historical-related .eyebrow{width:100%}.story-pagination{margin-top:var(--space-12);border-block:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.story-pagination a{gap:var(--space-2);padding:var(--space-5);text-decoration:none;display:grid}.story-pagination a:last-child{text-align:right;border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.story-pagination span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-micro);letter-spacing:.06em;text-transform:uppercase}.jpmc-collection-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr)}.jpmc-collection{min-width:0}.jpmc-collection__masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-block:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.jpmc-collection__masthead h1{max-width:14ch;margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-6);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.jpmc-collection__masthead .lede{max-width:37rem}.jpmc-collection__period{margin-top:var(--space-8);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.jpmc-collection__opening,.jpmc-role-progression,.jpmc-story-index,.jpmc-collection__decisions,.jpmc-consequence,.dt4di-note{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.jpmc-collection__opening>dl{margin-top:var(--space-6);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.jpmc-collection__opening>dl>div{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-4);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:11rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}.jpmc-role-progression>header,.jpmc-story-index>header,.jpmc-collection__decisions>header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.jpmc-role-progression h2,.jpmc-story-index h2,.jpmc-collection__decisions h2,.jpmc-consequence h2,.dt4di-note h2{max-width:22ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.jpmc-role-progression ol{border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.jpmc-role-progression li{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.jpmc-role-progression li:last-child{border-right:0}.jpmc-role-progression li>span{margin-bottom:var(--space-8);color:var(--accent-strong);display:block}.jpmc-role-progression li>strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.15rem/1.25 var(--font-display)}.jpmc-role-progression li>p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.jpmc-story-index>div{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.jpmc-story-index article{min-height:27rem;padding:clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-8));border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.jpmc-story-index article>span{color:var(--accent-strong)}.jpmc-story-index h3{margin:var(--space-4) 0;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.12 var(--font-display)}.jpmc-story-index h3 a{text-decoration:none}.jpmc-story-index dl{margin-top:auto}.jpmc-story-index dl>div{gap:var(--space-3);padding-block:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:5rem 1fr;display:grid}.jpmc-consequence{gap:var(--space-10);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.jpmc-consequence>div:last-child{padding-left:var(--space-10);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.dt4di-note{padding-inline:clamp(var(--space-5), 5vw, var(--space-10));border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.dt4di-note>p{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.dt4di-note dl{margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.dt4di-note dl>div{gap:var(--space-5);padding-block:var(--space-4);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:8rem minmax(0,1fr);display:grid}@media (max-width:1200px){.historical-sequence--7{grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-sequence--7 li{gap:var(--space-3);border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(7rem,.7fr) 1fr;align-items:start;display:grid}.historical-sequence--7 li:not(:last-child):after{content:"↓";inset:auto auto -.75rem .85rem}.historical-sequence--7 span{margin-bottom:0}.historical-sequence--7 p{margin:0}}@media (max-width:960px){.jpmc-role-progression ol{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.jpmc-role-progression li:nth-child(2){border-right:0}.jpmc-role-progression li:nth-child(-n+2){border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}}@media (max-width:900px){.historical-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-layout>.long-case-navigation{order:0}.historical-case{order:1}}@media (max-width:760px){.jpmc-collection-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}}@media (max-width:700px){.historical-summary>dl>div,.historical-facts,.historical-facts dl>div,.jpmc-collection__opening>dl>div,.dt4di-note dl>div{gap:var(--space-2);grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-proof-strip,.historical-section,.historical-section--1,.historical-comparison,.jpmc-story-index>div,.jpmc-consequence{grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-proof-strip article{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.historical-proof-strip article:last-child{border-bottom:0}.historical-sequence{grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-sequence li{gap:var(--space-3);border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(7rem,.7fr) 1fr;align-items:start;display:grid}.historical-sequence li:not(:last-child):after{content:"↓";inset:auto auto -.75rem .85rem}.historical-sequence span{margin-bottom:0}.historical-sequence p{margin:0}.historical-decision-model__inputs{grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-decision-model__inputs article+article{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0}.historical-decision-model__inputs article+article:before{top:0;left:var(--space-5);translate:0 -50%}.historical-group,.historical-group article{gap:var(--space-4);grid-template-columns:1fr}.historical-comparison article+article{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0}.jpmc-role-progression ol{grid-template-columns:1fr}.jpmc-role-progression li{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.jpmc-story-index article{min-height:0}.jpmc-consequence>div:last-child{padding-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0;padding-left:0}.story-pagination{grid-template-columns:1fr}.story-pagination a:last-child{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);text-align:left;border-left:0}}.perspective-v2-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-rail-gap);padding-block:var(--spacing-page);display:grid}.perspective-v2{min-width:0}.perspective-v2__masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-bottom:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.perspective-v2__masthead .perspective-back{margin-bottom:var(--space-10);display:inline-flex}.perspective-v2__masthead h1{max-width:18ch;margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-6);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.perspective-v2__thesis{max-width:28ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-lede)/1.22 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.035em;margin:0}.perspective-v2__note{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-top:var(--space-8);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.perspective-v2__why,.perspective-v2__principles,.perspective-v2__evidence,.perspective-v2__tests,.perspective-v2__questions,.perspective-v2__related{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__why{gap:var(--space-10);grid-template-columns:minmax(12rem,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr);display:grid}.perspective-v2__why>h2{max-width:12ch;margin:var(--space-8) 0 0;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.perspective-v2__why>div{font-size:var(--type-body-lg);grid-area:1/2/span 2;line-height:1.65}.perspective-v2__principles>header,.perspective-v2__evidence>header,.perspective-v2__tests>header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.perspective-v2__principles h2,.perspective-v2__evidence h2,.perspective-v2__tests h2,.perspective-v2__questions h2,.perspective-v2__related h2{max-width:20ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.perspective-v2__principles ol{border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.perspective-v2__principles li{padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__principles li:last-child{border-right:0}.perspective-v2__principles li>span{color:var(--accent-strong)}.perspective-v2__principles h3{min-height:4.2rem;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.perspective-v2__principles li>p:last-child{margin-top:var(--space-8);padding-top:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.perspective-v2__evidence>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.perspective-v2__evidence article{gap:var(--space-6);padding-block:var(--space-6);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:7rem minmax(13rem,.75fr) minmax(0,1.25fr) auto;align-items:start;display:grid}.perspective-v2__evidence article>.eyebrow{color:var(--accent-strong)}.perspective-v2__evidence h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display);margin:0}.perspective-v2__evidence h3 a{text-decoration:none}.perspective-v2__evidence article>p:not(.eyebrow){margin:0}.perspective-v2__evidence .text-link{min-width:max-content;margin-top:0}.perspective-v2__tests>div{border:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.perspective-v2__tests article{padding:clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-8))}.perspective-v2__tests h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.perspective-v2__state{margin-top:var(--space-8);padding-top:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.perspective-v2__questions ol{margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);padding:0;list-style:none}.perspective-v2__questions li{max-width:var(--content-reading);padding:var(--space-5) var(--space-5) var(--space-5) 3rem;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body-lg)/1.5 var(--font-display);position:relative}.perspective-v2__questions li:before{left:var(--space-3);color:var(--accent-strong);content:"?";position:absolute}.perspective-v2__related>div{margin-top:var(--space-8);border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.perspective-v2__related a{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);text-decoration:none}.perspective-v2__related a:last-child{border-right:0}.perspective-v2__story,.perspective-v2__belief{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));scroll-margin-top:var(--space-8);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__story{gap:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:minmax(12rem,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr);display:grid}.perspective-v2__story h2{max-width:14ch;margin:var(--space-8) 0 0;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.perspective-v2__story>p:last-child{font-size:var(--type-body-lg);grid-area:1/2;margin:0;line-height:1.65}.perspective-v2__story--revealed{margin-inline:calc(-1 * var(--space-6));padding-inline:var(--space-6);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.perspective-v2__belief>header{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.perspective-v2__belief>header h2{margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-5);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.perspective-v2__belief>header>p:last-child{font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.6}.perspective-v2__belief .perspective-v2__why{padding-block:var(--space-6) var(--space-10);color:var(--text-muted);border-bottom:0}.perspective-v2__principle-list{border-block:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.perspective-v2__principle-list li{padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__principle-list li:last-child{border-right:0}.perspective-v2__principle-list li>span{color:var(--accent-strong)}.perspective-v2__principle-list h3{min-height:4.2rem;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.perspective-v2__principle-list li>p:last-child{margin-top:var(--space-8);padding-top:var(--space-4);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}@media (max-width:960px){.perspective-v2__evidence article{grid-template-columns:6rem minmax(0,.8fr) minmax(0,1.2fr)}.perspective-v2__evidence .text-link{grid-column:2/-1}}@media (max-width:900px){.perspective-v2-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__story--revealed{margin-inline:0}}@media (max-width:700px){.perspective-v2__why{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__why>h2{margin-top:var(--space-2)}.perspective-v2__why>div{grid-area:auto/1}.perspective-v2__principles ol,.perspective-v2__tests>div,.perspective-v2__related>div{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__principles li,.perspective-v2__related a{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__principles h3{min-height:0}.perspective-v2__evidence article{gap:var(--space-3);grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__evidence .text-link{grid-column:1}.perspective-v2__tests article+article{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0}.perspective-v2__story{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__story h2{margin-top:var(--space-2)}.perspective-v2__story>p:last-child{grid-area:auto/1}.perspective-v2__principle-list{grid-template-columns:1fr}.perspective-v2__principle-list li{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__principle-list h3{min-height:0}}.about-v2,.archive-v2{padding-block:var(--spacing-page)}.page-boundary--preceding{padding-block-end:0}.about-v2__masthead,.archive-v2__masthead{padding-block:var(--spacing-masthead);border-bottom:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.about-v2__masthead h1,.archive-v2__masthead h1{max-width:16ch;margin:var(--space-3) 0 var(--space-6);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-page-title)/var(--leading-display-tight) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:var(--tracking-display)}.about-v2__masthead .lede,.archive-v2__masthead .lede{max-width:44rem;font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.62}.about-v2__progression,.about-v2__narrative,.about-v2__jpmc,.about-v2__flishworks,.about-v2__working-style,.about-v2__direction,.about-v2__archive,.archive-v2__featured,.archive-v2__supporting,.archive-v2__gap{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-12), 9vw, var(--space-20));border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.about-v2__progression>header,.about-v2__working-style>header,.archive-v2__featured>header,.archive-v2__supporting>header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.about-v2 h2,.archive-v2 h2{max-width:21ch;font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-md)/1.08 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.04em}.about-v2__progression ol{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.about-v2__progression li{min-height:14rem;padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.about-v2__progression li>span,.about-v2__working-style article>span,.archive-v2__principles article>span{margin-bottom:var(--space-8);color:var(--accent-strong);display:block}.about-v2__progression li>strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.about-v2__progression li>p{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.about-v2__narrative,.about-v2__flishworks,.about-v2__direction{gap:var(--space-12);grid-template-columns:minmax(14rem,.7fr) minmax(0,1.3fr);display:grid}.about-v2__narrative>div:last-child,.about-v2__flishworks>div:last-child,.about-v2__direction>div:last-child{max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.62}.about-v2__jpmc{background:var(--surface-subtle)}.about-v2__jpmc>div{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-inline:auto}.about-v2__jpmc>div>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.62}.about-v2__working-style>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.about-v2__working-style article{min-height:17rem;padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.about-v2__working-style h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.about-v2__archive{max-width:var(--content-reading)}.about-v2__archive>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.6}.about-v2__opening{max-width:44rem;font-size:var(--type-body-lg);margin:0;line-height:1.62}.about-v2__current,.about-v2__throughline,.about-v2__leadership{padding-block:var(--spacing-section-opening);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.about-v2__current>div:last-child{max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.62}.about-v2__current>div:last-child>p{margin-block:0 var(--space-5)}.about-v2__current-actions{gap:var(--space-5);margin-top:var(--space-8);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;display:flex}.about-v2__throughline>header,.about-v2__leadership>header{margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.about-v2__throughline>header>h2,.about-v2__leadership>header>h2{max-width:24ch;font-size:var(--type-editorial-section-title);line-height:var(--leading-display);margin-block:0}.about-v2__education{border-bottom:0;padding-block-end:0}.about-v2__education>header{max-width:var(--content-reading);margin-bottom:var(--space-10)}.about-v2__education>header h2{max-width:20ch;font-size:var(--type-editorial-section-title);line-height:var(--leading-display);margin-block:0}.about-v2__education-list{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.about-v2__education-row{gap:clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-10));padding-block:calc(var(--spacing-editorial-row-block) * .82);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:minmax(15rem,.85fr) minmax(0,1.15fr);display:grid}.about-v2__education-row h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-editorial-row-title)/var(--leading-editorial-row-title) var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:0}.about-v2__institution{gap:var(--space-4);align-items:center;min-width:0;display:flex}.about-v2__institution>span:last-child{min-width:0}.about-v2__education-row p{color:var(--text-secondary);font-size:var(--type-editorial-row-body);line-height:var(--leading-editorial-row-body);margin:0}.about-v2__education-row p+p{margin-top:var(--space-2)}.about-v2__evidence-zone{padding-block:var(--spacing-section-opening) var(--space-2);border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary)}.archive-v2__principles{border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.archive-v2__principles article{padding:clamp(var(--space-5), 4vw, var(--space-8));border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.archive-v2__principles article:last-child{border-right:0}.archive-v2__principles h2{font-size:var(--type-display-sm)}.archive-v2__featured>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.archive-v2__featured article{min-height:24rem;padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);flex-direction:column;display:flex}.archive-v2__featured article:last-child{border-right:0}.archive-v2__featured h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.archive-v2__featured h3 a{text-decoration:none}.archive-v2__featured .text-link{margin-top:auto}.archive-v2__supporting>header>p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted)}.archive-v2__supporting>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.archive-v2__supporting article{padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.archive-v2__supporting h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.archive-v2__supporting article>p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.archive-v2__gap{margin-top:var(--space-12);padding-inline:clamp(var(--space-5), 6vw, var(--space-12));border-left:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--accent-primary);background:var(--surface-subtle)}.archive-v2__gap>p:not(.eyebrow,.cluster){max-width:var(--content-reading);font-size:var(--type-body-lg);line-height:1.6}@media (max-width:800px){.about-v2__progression ol,.archive-v2__principles,.archive-v2__featured>div{grid-template-columns:1fr}.about-v2__progression li,.archive-v2__principles article,.archive-v2__featured article{border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);min-height:0}.about-v2__narrative,.about-v2__flishworks,.about-v2__direction{grid-template-columns:1fr}.about-v2__education-row{gap:var(--space-4);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}@media (max-width:620px){.about-v2__working-style>div,.archive-v2__supporting>div{grid-template-columns:1fr}.about-v2__working-style article{min-height:0}}.chapter-links .case-scope-summary,.v2-work-list .case-scope-summary{margin-top:var(--space-5);padding-top:var(--space-3);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.work-supporting-evidence>div{border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.work-supporting-evidence article{padding:var(--space-5);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.work-supporting-evidence h3{font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-display-sm)/1.14 var(--font-display)}.work-supporting-evidence article>p:last-child{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.homepage-lineage{padding-top:var(--space-6);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:auto repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));align-items:stretch;display:grid}.homepage-lineage>.eyebrow{align-self:center}.homepage-lineage>a{gap:var(--space-1) var(--space-4);padding:var(--space-4);border-left:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:1fr auto;text-decoration:none;display:grid}.homepage-lineage>a strong{font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.1rem/1.25 var(--font-display)}.homepage-lineage>a span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption)}.homepage-lineage>a em{color:var(--accent-strong);grid-area:1/2/span 2;align-self:center;font-style:normal}@media (max-width:700px){.work-supporting-evidence>div,.homepage-lineage{grid-template-columns:1fr}.homepage-lineage>a{border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-left:0}}.hero{min-height:auto}.hero h1{max-width:15ch;margin:var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-5);font-size:var(--type-display-lg);letter-spacing:-.042em;line-height:1.01}.hero .lede{max-width:42rem;margin-bottom:var(--space-6);font-size:var(--type-body-lg)}.hero__proof{align-self:end;display:block}.hero__proof .proof-signal{padding-block:var(--space-4)}.hero__proof .proof-signal strong{max-width:27rem;font-size:1.1rem}.v2-work-grid--evidence{border:0;border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));column-gap:clamp(1.5rem,2.5vw,2.5rem)}.v2-work-grid--evidence article{min-width:0;padding:var(--space-8) 0;border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-10), 8vw, var(--space-20));padding-block:clamp(var(--space-10), 7vw, var(--space-16));grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-rows:repeat(5,auto) 1fr;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.9fr) minmax(18rem,1.1fr);display:grid}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child>:not(.evidence-preview){grid-column:1}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child>.evidence-preview{grid-area:1/2/-1;align-self:center;margin:0}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child h3{max-width:18ch;font-size:var(--type-display-md);letter-spacing:-.04em}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:not(:first-child){padding-top:var(--space-10)}@media (min-width:761px){.v2-work-grid--evidence article:not(:first-child){grid-row:span 6;grid-template-rows:subgrid;display:grid}}@media (min-width:1044px){.v2-work-grid--evidence article:nth-child(2)>p:not(.eyebrow,.work-collection-cue){max-width:calc(100% - 2rem)}}.v2-work-list{border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.page-header--work{margin-bottom:var(--space-12)}.page-header--work+.work-tier{padding-block:0 clamp(var(--space-10), 6vw, var(--space-16));border-top:0}.v2-work-list article{gap:var(--space-4) var(--space-3);min-width:0;padding:var(--space-6);border-right:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule);border-bottom:0;grid-template-rows:minmax(0,1fr) auto;grid-template-columns:2rem minmax(0,1fr)}.v2-work-list article:first-child{padding-left:0}.v2-work-list article:last-child{border-right:0;padding-right:0}.v2-work-list article>span{color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-caption);grid-area:1/1}.v2-work-list article>div{grid-area:1/2;min-width:0}.v2-work-list article>.text-link{margin-top:var(--space-3);grid-area:2/2;align-self:end}.v2-work-list h2{margin-bottom:var(--space-4);font-size:var(--type-feature-title);line-height:1.08}.chapter-links{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16))}.chapter-links article{padding:var(--space-6) 0 var(--space-8)}.work-supporting-evidence>div{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16));border-left:0}.work-supporting-evidence article{padding:var(--space-6) 0;border-right:0}.flishworks-summary,.flishworks-section,.historical-summary,.historical-visual,.historical-decisions,.historical-section,.historical-evidence-boundary,.jpmc-collection__opening,.jpmc-role-progression,.jpmc-story-index,.jpmc-collection__decisions,.jpmc-consequence,.perspective-v2__why,.perspective-v2__principles,.perspective-v2__evidence,.perspective-v2__tests,.perspective-v2__questions,.perspective-v2__related,.perspective-v2__story,.perspective-v2__belief,.about-v2__progression,.about-v2__narrative,.about-v2__jpmc,.about-v2__flishworks,.about-v2__working-style,.about-v2__direction,.about-v2__archive{padding-block:clamp(var(--space-10), 7vw, var(--space-16))}.jpmc-story-index>div{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16));border-top:var(--rule-width-emphasis) solid var(--text-primary);border-left:0}.jpmc-story-index article{min-height:24rem;padding:var(--space-8) 0;border-right:0}.perspective-v2__tests>div{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16));border:0;border-top:var(--rule-width-strong) solid var(--text-primary)}.perspective-v2__tests article{padding:var(--space-6) 0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.perspective-v2__tests article+article{border-left:0}.about-v2__progression ol,.about-v2__working-style>div{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16));border-left:0}.about-v2__progression li,.about-v2__working-style article{border-right:0;padding-inline:0}.archive-v2__featured>div,.archive-v2__supporting>div{column-gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 6vw, var(--space-16));border-left:0}.archive-v2__featured article,.archive-v2__supporting article{border-right:0;padding-inline:0}@media (max-width:760px){.hero{gap:var(--space-12);min-height:auto;padding-block:var(--space-12);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.hero>*{min-width:0}.hero .proof-signal__meta{flex-wrap:wrap}.hero h1{overflow-wrap:normal;font-size:clamp(2.5rem,11vw,3.75rem)}.hero__proof{padding-top:1.25rem}.v2-work-grid--evidence{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child{padding-block:var(--space-10);grid-column:1;display:flex}.v2-work-grid--evidence article:first-child>.evidence-preview{margin-block:var(--space-3) var(--space-4)}.homepage-jpmc-stories{margin-bottom:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.homepage-jpmc-stories li{min-height:0;padding:var(--space-6) 0;border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.homepage-jpmc-stories li:nth-child(odd){border-right:0}.homepage-jpmc-stories li:last-child{border-bottom:0}.homepage-jpmc-stories .text-link{margin-top:var(--space-4);padding-top:0}.v2-work-list{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.v2-work-list article,.v2-work-list article:first-child,.v2-work-list article:last-child{padding:var(--space-6) 0;border-right:0;border-bottom:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}.v2-work-list article:last-child{border-bottom:0}.chapter-links,.work-supporting-evidence>div,.jpmc-story-index>div,.perspective-v2__tests>div,.about-v2__progression ol,.about-v2__working-style>div{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.jpmc-story-index article{min-height:0}.perspective-v2__tests article+article{border-top:0}}
.layout-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--layout-grid-columns), minmax(0, 1fr));column-gap:var(--layout-grid-gap);display:grid}.wide-container,.standard-container,.editorial-container,.layout-width-wide,.layout-width-standard,.layout-width-editorial{inline-size:100%;margin-inline:auto}.wide-container,.layout-width-wide{max-inline-size:var(--layout-wide)}.standard-container,.layout-width-standard{max-inline-size:var(--layout-standard)}.editorial-container,.layout-width-editorial{max-inline-size:var(--layout-editorial)}.prose-measure{inline-size:100%;max-inline-size:var(--measure-prose)}.hero{row-gap:var(--space-12)}.page-header--work,.page-header--perspective,.about-v2__current,.about-v2__throughline>header,.about-v2__leadership>header{row-gap:var(--space-4)}.chapter-layout,.flishworks-layout,.historical-layout,.perspective-v2-layout{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-sidebar-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);gap:var(--layout-rail-gap)}.layout-provenance{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-logo-rail) minmax(0, 1fr);column-gap:var(--layout-grid-gap);display:grid}.layout-provenance-row{grid-column:1/-1;grid-template-columns:subgrid;column-gap:inherit;display:grid}.layout-logo-rail,.brand-mark-rail{inline-size:var(--layout-logo-rail);min-block-size:var(--layout-logo-frame-height)}.layout-logo-frame,.brand-mark-frame{--brand-mark-optical-inline:var(--brand-mark-max-inline);--brand-mark-optical-block:var(--brand-mark-max-block);inline-size:var(--brand-mark-slot-inline);block-size:var(--brand-mark-slot-block);justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;display:flex;overflow:visible}.brand-mark{inline-size:var(--brand-mark-optical-inline);block-size:var(--brand-mark-optical-block);max-inline-size:var(--brand-mark-max-inline);max-block-size:var(--brand-mark-max-block);object-fit:contain;object-position:left center;filter:none;opacity:1;display:block}.brand-mark-frame--compact{--brand-mark-slot-inline:4.25rem;--brand-mark-slot-block:2.75rem}.brand-mark-frame--academic{--brand-mark-slot-inline:7.5rem;--brand-mark-slot-block:2.75rem;flex:0 0 var(--brand-mark-slot-inline)}.brand-mark--institutional{max-block-size:2.75rem;max-inline-size:100%}.brand-mark-frame--research-lockup{--brand-mark-slot-inline:10rem;--brand-mark-slot-block:8.75rem;flex:0 0 var(--brand-mark-slot-inline)}.brand-mark--research-lockup{max-block-size:100%;max-inline-size:100%}.compact-evidence-grid{--compact-evidence-group-gap:var(--space-8);gap:clamp(var(--space-8), 5vw, var(--space-12));grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.2fr) minmax(15rem,.8fr);align-items:start;min-width:0;display:grid}.compact-evidence-column{gap:0;min-width:0;display:grid}.compact-evidence-block{min-width:0}.compact-evidence-block__label{margin:0 0 var(--space-4)}.compact-evidence-block__visual{margin-bottom:var(--space-5)}.compact-evidence-block__title{max-width:32rem;margin:0 0 var(--space-2);font:var(--font-weight-medium) var(--type-body)/1.35 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.01em}.compact-evidence-block--primary .compact-evidence-block__title{font-size:var(--type-editorial-row-title)}.compact-evidence-block__body,.compact-evidence-block__meta{max-width:43rem;color:var(--text-muted);font-size:var(--type-body-sm);margin:0;line-height:1.55}.compact-evidence-block__meta{margin-bottom:0}.compact-evidence-column>.compact-evidence-block+.compact-evidence-block{margin-top:var(--compact-evidence-group-gap);padding-top:var(--compact-evidence-group-gap);border-top:var(--rule-width) solid var(--rule)}@media (max-width:700px){.brand-mark-frame--research-lockup{--brand-mark-slot-inline:8rem;--brand-mark-slot-block:7rem}.compact-evidence-grid{--compact-evidence-group-gap:var(--space-6);gap:var(--space-8);grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}}.brand-mark-frame--stack{gap:var(--brand-mark-gap);flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:flex-start}.brand-mark--text{block-size:auto;inline-size:auto;color:var(--text-primary);font:var(--font-weight-medium) 1.24rem/1 var(--font-display);letter-spacing:-.035em}.layout-provenance-content{min-width:0;max-width:var(--layout-wide-measure)}.v2-work-list,.homepage-jpmc-stories,.chapter-links,.work-supporting-evidence>div,.jpmc-story-index>div,.perspective-v2__tests>div{column-gap:var(--layout-grid-gap)}.v2-work-list article{column-gap:var(--space-3)}@supports not (grid-template-columns:subgrid){.layout-provenance-row{grid-template-columns:var(--layout-logo-rail) minmax(0, 1fr)}}@media (max-width:900px){.chapter-layout,.flishworks-layout,.historical-layout,.perspective-v2-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.layout-provenance{--brand-mark-slot-inline:5.75rem}}@media (max-width:620px){.layout-provenance{--brand-mark-slot-inline:4.75rem}}